An Assignment on Web Design

I have been given the task to design a web based personal portfolio of myself aimed at potential employers. The website functions as an online resume for employers to view at their leisure. It will have number of pages containing data that would be sought after by employers. The weapon must be designed in a way that would appeal to employers in the field I wish to be hired in. I have chosen to advertise myself as a student studying to be a software engineer.Goals The planned website must be at least five pages in length, must be designed to accommodate my target audience being possible employers, must have a consistent and appropriate structure and should have an appropriate and pleasing visual design. Implementation is not necessary for this project. In order to best suit the planned website to the target audience I plan to make two persona of possible employers and from them four scenarios, the task only requires one persona and two scenarios but I believe that one is not enough to cover all potential employers.In order to make possible implementation successful the content of the website must be outlined, organized, categorizes and properly structured. Along with the organized content a series of wire frames will be made displaying the physical layout of the website as well as the location of the content within the pages. Accompanying the wire frames a series of screen mock ups will be supplied displaying a potential style to be used.These will come with a style guide detailing features in the mock ups. Audience: Analyzing my target audience is the most important element in creating a successful weapon. A proper analysis can result in features of the weapon that will successfully entice my target audience, being potential employers, to properly browse the weapon. A good way to analyses a target audience is through the creation of persona.A persona is the profile of an imaginary person that displays thee characteristics common to a target audience. Below are two persona with two scenarios each. Persona 1: Mark – Founder of a new software company â€Å"l am looking to build up my software company' Mark Hayward is a young entrepreneur looking to build his software company â€Å"Seasons†, a company started by Mark and a few of his friends from University. He is looking to hire some more people to expand his company.Name: Mark Hayward Type: Intelligent and Ambitious Role: Founder of his Software Company Male * Age 26 * Full Time * Upper – Middle class * Intelligent * Interested in software * Organized * Motivated * Ambitious * young Goals: * Expand his company * Create innovative products * Become a major player in IT Motivations: * A fierce interest in software * A need for accomplishment Scenario: 1 . Mark is looking for a few University students studying IT to hire as armature software engineers in order to expand his software company. Upon a quick web search he sees a link to my online portfolio.Upon browsing the w eapon he sends me an e-mail offering me an interview. 2. I hear Marks Software Company is hiring armature software engineers, I find his e-mail address and send him an e-mail with a link to my online portfolio. He sees my e-mail and follows the link. After browsing the weapon he sends me an email offering me an interview. Persona 2: Shame – Employment manager at Code Valley â€Å"l manage employment for the software company Code Valley' Shame Mason is the employment manager at Code Valley. He searches for potential employees for the company and puts them through the interview process.Name: Shame Mason Type: Office worker, middle aged Role: Employment manager Key Characteristics: * Age 45 * Upper-Middle class Steady life * Dedicated to his Job * Has a steady life * Work hard and climb the corporate ladder * Improve his standard of living * Do a good Job * Climbing the ladder * Making money * Doing a good Job 1 . Shame is looking for possible employees in the future by offerin g internships to university students. He searches for potential employees on the internet and finds a link to my personal portfolio. After browsing the weapon he sends me an e-mail offering me an interview 2.I meet Shame at a careers expo, I write down the URL of my online personal portfolio and give it to him. A few weeks later he visits my arsenal portfolio and after browsing it sends me an e-mail offering me an interview. Content Outline & Structure: Content outline: Home Page: The home page will be fairly basic containing a picture of myself and a few lines of text welcoming the potential employer to the site. It will be of the same design as all other pages with links along the top linking to the other pages. About page: The about page will be more complex than the home page.It will contain a picture of myself alongside three areas of text. The first area of text will be a quote relating to the profession I hope to enter, being software engineering. The two other areas of text will be of a smaller size and relate to my professional experiences and personal life. This page's purpose is to educate the potential employer on what kind of person I am as well as what work related experiences I have had that would make me a strong client for a position in their company. Contact page: The contact page's purpose is to give the potential employer an easy and quick way to send me messages or Job offers on the weapon.I believe it's very important to offer an almost effortless way of contacting me so as to remove the possibility of being removed as a potential employee due to being difficult to contact. The page itself is fairly bare, it consists of three text areas for user input and headings labeling them. The first text area is for the name of the person contacting me, the second is for their email so I can reply to their messages and the third is for the actual message. The button below the last text area when clicked will sent the inputted data to me as an email. Qualifications: The qualifications page is a purely informative page.It contains details of any certificates or other official credentials I possess in drop down menu's. When in compact form all that is displayed is the title of the certification, when expanded a worth description is supplied along with a PDF download link of the official document. References: The references page Contains a series of tiles containing details of references I have received. Each tile contains a title of where I gained the reference as well as a brief description of the reference and a PDF download of the letter of than my own. Site Map: Below is the site map for my planned website.It displays all the pages planned as well as what pages link to each other. Being such a small website all pages link to each other to allow potential employers to browse easily. Wire Frames: Wireless for every planned page are displayed below. All wireless are made using Adobe Fireworks CSS. Home Page: Below is the planned layout of the Home page. About Page: Below is the planned layout of the About page. Contact page: Below is the planned layout of the Contact page. Qualifications Page: Below is the planned layout of the Qualifications page. Employment Page: Below is the planned layout of the Employment page.Visual Design Style Guide: Below is the basic style guide of my planned website. Elements like font styles and sizes as well as some hexadecimal color codes for a few parts of the page. None of Hess designs are definite as the limitations of HTML and CSS have not been fully taken into account. Background: Image file repeated Background: Image file repeated Heading(h2o): size – opt, Font – Bauhaus 93 Heading (Hal): size – opt, Font – Bauhaus 93 Content background: #EDDIED repeated Borders: #OFF, solid Text(p): size – opt, Font – Bauhaus 93 Image Screen Mock-ups: Below are my screen mock ups for every page planned.They were all created using Adobe Firework s CSS. Home Page: Below is the screen mock-up of the Home page. Below is the screen mock-up of the About page. Contact Page: Below is the screen mock-up of the Contact page. Below is the screen mock-up of the Qualifications page. Below is the screen mock-up of the Employment page. Inspirational pages: Below are two pages I took inspiration from in creating my own page. Jason Julienne: http://Association. Com/about/ Jeff Finley: http://www. ]Finley. Rag/about/ Design Rationale The task I was given was to design a web based personal portfolio of myself aimed at potential employers, its purpose being to function as a resume. I believe that the weapon I have designed would fulfill the requirements of this assignment as well as the requirements of any potential employer that may view it if it is implemented. An important part in designing this weapon was to consider what kind of profession I would be interested in entering, this idea changed the entire way the website was arranged and wh at content was included .For example if I had chosen graphic design I would have had to include a number of works I had been involved in as well as samples of those works. The profession I chose to focus on was software engineering; this meant that previous works were not included as they were not as important as qualifications and previous Jobs to potential employers. This change can be seen in he layout of the website having a page for qualifications and a page for references instead of pushing qualifications and references into one page and including previous works.The layout of this weapon was made to be simple. I believe that in a weapon focusing on advertising only one person complexity is pretentious and unnecessary. This is why I have made every page accessible by any single page. The layout is made so that every page is split into two obvious areas, navigation and content. Throughout designed to be simple because a potential employer merely skims resume's, he or she never s pends hours getting in depth with Just one. Why would a potential employer treat an online resume any different?An element of this weapon that I didn't look into in depth was the visual design, the design used is made to be nothing but aesthetically pleasing. If the weapon was to be implemented I may revisit this element and choose a visual design more themed around technology. This may appeal to people hiring in IT professions more than the one that is currently displayed. The web page designed in the above pages is simple but I believe it achieves exactly what it was designed to do, function as an online resume aimed at potential employers.

Article Summary Read-Only Participants: a Case for Student Communication in Online Classes

UNV-501: ARTICLE SUMMARY Read-only participants: a case for student communication in online classes Lavelle Figueroa Grand Canyon University Title: UNV-5: Article Summary This is a summary of the article titled â€Å"Read-only participants: a case for student communication in online classes† argues that the value of communication in online modules and the purpose of the success a scholar experiences when they pass an online module.The main purpose of this article is find explanations, to some interests mentioned beforehand, the researchers conducted an eight week analysis of scholars of an online module. This analysis integrated the following strategy to observe online communication and classroom activity amongst scholar’s cultural diversity, geographical location and maturity both are the most important primary causal dynamics. Furthermore, the substantial data gathered by Nagel et al (2009) in their research describe the potential consequences of success and failures were documented.Therefore, a successful completion of a online module they concluded the following: foremost, modules that had discussion forums allows a scholarly proactive interaction with fellow scholars and the professor. Subsequently, this type of module facilitates and /or enriches the online learning environment of the scholars by generating queries and replies (e. g. , in the form of posts, assignments, etc) of high critical thinking skills.Furthermore, the third aspect we must consider when improving communication on our online module forums to enhance the online environment is creating rapport as well as wholesome interaction. Last but not least important of all, is the supportive and wholesome interaction with the instructor that is enhanced within the online environment provided substantial responses to the inquiries formulated by the instructor and fellow scholars with substantive answers. Finally, the lack of communication within the online module experience will resul t in serious repercussions, toward successful completion of the module.Last but not least important, the researchers also concluded that a scholar does not successfully achieve their goal; of completing their module due to the lack of communication amongst both scholars and the instructor greatly impact our overall performance. The aim of this article is the responsibility of proactive communication and rapport within the online module environment like described in the article written by Nagel et al (2009) titled â€Å"read-only student†.This kind of learner decides no proactively contribute to the online modules (e. g. discussion forums, teamwork, individual assignments as well as quizzes). For instance, this type of learner, only borrows the almost the same point of view of their fellow scholars and instructor without quoting their respective responses or reactions or restraining their responses. Finally, the causal elements of this unhealthy attitude are â€Å"procrastina tion, isolation, and/or unfamiliarity with technology† (Nagel et al. 2009). Briefly this research has concluded that proactive communication is a crucial element to successfully complete an online module. As a result, not participating proactively on the online module makes them read-only scholars. Bibliography Nagel, L. L. , Blignaut, A. S. , & Cronje, J. C. (2009). Read-only participants: a case for student communication in online classes. Interactive Learning Environments,  17(1), 37-51. doi:10. 1080/10494820701501028

English assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English assessment - Essay Example cording to Garrison and Ehringhaus, relying on one of the two procedures more may lead to students’ needs becoming unclear since one form of assessment cannot provide a full picture of the situation. Summative assessment is used to evaluate certain students’ needs, and usually has a form of tests, semester exams, end of unit or end of chapter tests, etc. (Gao, 2002). Bloom, Hastings and Madhaus (1971) define summative assessment as evaluation conducted at the ends of certain periods of time in order to judge the sufficiency of students’ knowledge. Such an assessment is to define the final grade of the students, as well as help educators to make corrections and adjustment in the current curriculum, where needed, in order for the learning needs to be met in future. At the same time a summative assessment cannot reflect the efficiency of teaching in its process because assessment is carried out only after the instruction – so any curriculum or methodological improvements can be implemented in future practice only. Therefore, formative assessment is the one to evaluate the process of learning in its process, and, consequently, is a part of the teaching process. Incorporated into the educational process, it is to discover gaps and adjust both teaching and learning processes to the students’ needs immediately in the process of learning. Besides, such an approach enables educators to raise the learning standards (Black & Wiliam, 1998) right in the process of teaching: having evaluated the current needs of each individual student, including those with lower abilities, a teacher can address them immediately. The information provided by formative assessment is to be used for modifying the teaching and learning activities in the classroom in order to get the best possible learning results (Black & William, 1998). This idea is also supported by Fennell & Maccoll (1983), who point out that formative assessment is important and useful for getting feedback on

Integrating Strategy, Management and Change (Strategy Development) Research Paper

Integrating Strategy, Management and Change (Strategy Development) - Research Paper Example Academic researchers have pointed out significance of performance measurement in terms of both practical and theoretical perspective. The concept of performance measurement is multidimensional because the model incorporates not only accounting literature but other management fields like operation & production management, marketing and strategic management also. Organizational theory model played crucial role in developing performance measurement models such as Key Performance Indicator, Balance Scorecard and Performance Prism. Problem with the literature review of performance measurement is isolation because of disparate and fragmented findings of research scholars. Researchers have tried to create a link between Organizational effectiveness (OE) and performance measurement but unfortunately only a few of them have succeeded. Academic scholars have argued that organizational effectiveness plays cordial role for designing non financial elements of performance measurement tools. In 200 0, Flamholtz and Aksehirli proposed a relationship between financial aspect of performance measurement and organizational success model. They analyzed both financial and non financial elements of balanced scorecard in order to test the hypothesized relationship. They tested eight pairs of companies of various industries and Average Return on Equity was used as an indicator of financial performance. They used Friedman two way variance analysis and found statistically significant relationship between financial aspect of performance measurement and organizational success model (Flamholtz, 2003, pp. 15-26). Two Theoretical Perspectives for Strategic Performance Measurement Multidimensionality of performance always creates rift for deploying strategic performance measurement models. Multidimensionality of performance is exemplified due to involvement of complex financial and non financial elements. There is a common belief in the field of performance measurement that if the new models su ch as Balance scorecard or Performance prism are implemented, there will be overall organizational performance improvement (Bourne et al., 1999, pp. 373-95). Unfortunately the belief is partially true because impact of performance management is very much influenced by organizational objective. The study will be incomplete without mentioning impact subsystems in performance measurement. Researchers have pointed out that deploying enterprise strategic performance management is far more effective in comparison to strategic performance measurement. In 2005, Neely has argued business leaders need to adopt dynamic, flexible and capable strategic performance measurement model in order to cope with dynamics of external environment (Neely, 2005, pp. 1264-77). In 1993, Platts has presented a holistic approach of strategic performance measurement in terms of virtuous cycle of learning organization. Research scholars (Slack,

Management Information Systems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management Information Systems - Assignment Example At the present, almost ten lawyers are working in this firm. Basically, the Law Company has been using a traditional approach to run and manage its business-related activities due to which it has been undergoing a wide variety of problems and issues. Some of these issues are outlined below: In order to deal with the above-mentioned issues, the Law Company should implement an effective management information system, because â€Å"a management information system is the hardware and software systems within an enterprise that provide the information that management needs to run an enterprise† (Rouse, 2014).  The implementation of a management information system will provide a large number of benefits to the Law Company. Some of the major benefits of this implementation are outlined below: Improved security (only authorized users with a proper user ID and password will be able to access the information that they want to access and this ID will decide whether they are allowed to access a particular information or not). At the present, a large number of ready-made management information systems are available for supporting every function of a business. For instance, SAP offers a wide variety of systems for different departments such as accounting, human resource management and so on. But these systems are useful when the size of a company is huge because the implementation of these systems is more costly than the customized solution. In addition, they also charge a license fee on the monthly or yearly basis. I will suggest the implementation of a SQL database, which can be linked with a user interface developed in Dot Net Technology. The implementation of this system will be less expensive as compared to a ready-made system. The system will be used to manage all kinds of data that relate to the Law Company. Basically, this system will be developed by collecting all the requirements from all the stakeholders.  

Explain what you understand by the term Securitisation and consider Essay

Explain what you understand by the term Securitisation and consider why a bank might choose to securitise some of its loans - Essay Example It ends up losing some cash flows or assets in return for the cash. This debt also not reflected in the bane sheet of the ultimate bower. Therefore, securitisation can be viewed as a method of disposing off a cash flows stream. Besides the impact on the borrower, securitisation benefits investors as well. It increases the variety of choices of investments available. The securities that are asset-backed by way of securitisation can be easily analysed since investors need only to undertake an evaluation of cash flows from a very small assets pool. This saves them from having to evaluate the entire complex business. The most commonly securitised assets are loans of a single kind or another type which when pooled becomes an investment of low risk. Also, it means that in the context of the issuer, it is often a borrowing way that’s very cheap. (Moneyterms.co.uk, 2009). This is a study set out to discuss this issue of securitisation and to this there will be a vivid answering of the questions â€Å"what is securitisation?† and â€Å"why do banks choose to securitise some of their loans?† Securitisation is an expression that has become more common in usage and it’s usually used the numerous mechanisms of transferring risks between the parties involved. It usually includes the description of the scale or disposal of risk assets in an absolute manner or the synthetic transfer of particular risk aspects. It is used in several contexts and among various parties who indulge in contracts. More comprehensively, it’s defined as the process via which receivables, loans or other relevant assets are put together. The cash flows that go with the assets and also the economic values deployed to aid payments of the securities related. The related securities are issued in both private and public markets by issuers or on their behalf, which use the process of securitisation to

GNC Corp1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

GNC Corp1 - Essay Example Let us consider the first option that is to hire native Chinese worker into the company. In order to successfully run the operation GNC Corporation will face the issue of cultural differences that exist between America and China. In One survey it has been recognized that cultural differences is the biggest barrier which any company faces while doing business. The management practices of America and China is different. So they need to take into consideration the cultural differences between them to be successful. There is a great difference between China and US with respect to political system, economic system, laws and social values despite the fact that major changes have occurred in China in recent years. China works in a centralized way while US is relatively decentralized. China follows collectivism principle. But in US they follow the principle of individualism. US enterprises have short-term orientation as compared to China’s long-term orientation (Baines 45). . These di fferences in culture greatly affect human behavior and the thinking process, and GNC must provide a platform where people from both the countries can interact on the basis of shared values. These cultural differences will impact the management practices in terms of cooperative strategies, decision making, conflict management, motivation systems and work group characteristics. American managers use open forms when faced with conflicts which are new to Chinese workers as they use assistance from third party. Also Chinese people pay more attention in building social and interpersonal relations. Also for motivating the employees the Chinese follows equity principle which is ignored by the American companies (Ambler 78). But hiring Chinese workers can do a lot of good also for GNC Company. Chinese workers will bring diversity in the business which is required for them to operate in China. They know the local people, what they need and which product will be able to sell most. Also rules a nd regulations that GNC has to follow in Chinese market can be easily followed if there is a presence of Chinese advisors in the company. With such Chinese workers they can reach out to the people in a far effective way. They will direct the strategies which the company needs to take so that their profitability increases. Another strategy that they will employ is to sell their product online, so that they can reach wider consumer base. In China the internet penetration is increasing and it has the second highest internet user base in the world. This opens up avenues of e-commerce base business style. Also the consumer can use the mobile phone as the strategy to reach to new consumers. GNC has to capture Chinese market by reaching out to the Chinese people through the use of their smart phones and digital devices. The rules and regulation of the Chinese government is strict as compared to the US market. They sometimes ban use of social media if they feel like it is a threat to the na tional security. Hence GNC must be careful to implement the online marketing which they will use. They can use Face book, twitter and their local social media sites in China to reach out to wider consumer base. Also telephone marketing is also a way of marketing through which they can use it as a medium to convey about the new products which they are offering to the consumer. Since today

Film Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Film Theory - Essay Example Guy does not accept the deal, but Bruno kills the wife anyway; and he stalks Guy for payback. Auteur Theory The auteur theory of film criticism views the director as the master story teller. Each film is compared within a body of work as well as on its own merits. The two main distinctions are the director is either structuring the film to interpret a theme or to present a style, a performance. â€Å"The purpose of criticism thus becomes to uncover behind the superficial contrasts of subject and treatment a hard core of basic and often recondite motifs. The pattern formed by these motifs†¦ is what gives an authors work its particular structure, both defining it internally and distinguishing one body of work from another.† Nowell-Smith quoted (Wollen, 532) The underlying doubt regarding the validity of this theory questions the level of control the director has over the film. Certainly screenwriters, producers, actors and cameramen (Wollen, 540) have some degree of input i n the creative process. This collaboration of talent suggests the director can more easily structure the film through motif and patterns of motif than present a styled performance. In other words, the director is not simply a shepherd leading actors through a script; he is an artist bringing context to the film using his signature style. â€Å"In feature films, the director is God; in documentary films, God is the director.† Sir Alfred Hitchcock The most obvious example of Hitchcock’s quote involves the director’s shot of Bruno choking Guy’s wife to death. Bruno begins to choke her, knocking off her glasses. The shot then changes and the audience observes her death through her own lenses. The glasses were so thick and prominent, they defined her view. A more subtle, but major, example occurred when Guy had a tennis match the day Bruno was to return to the scene of the crime and plant Guy’s lighter as evidence. Bruno delayed his departure to coincid e with nightfall; Hitchcock views evil as operating in the dark. Guy honors his commitment to play the tournament; he changes his style to win early. This strategy backfires and the match goes five sets, losing valuable time for Guy. But because he is the protagonist and a good person, Guy takes time to shake hands with his opponent and thank the chair umpire before a hurried departure. While Guy uses his best effort to win, he could have lost quickly, but he is honorable. Bruno drops the lighter down a sewer grate. The race to recover the lighter more quickly than Guy can win his match ensues. Neither contestant knows the competition exists, but the director plays God with their lives. As Guy tries nobly to win quickly and graciously, Bruno fishes his hand in a storm sewer for his talisman of control. The merry-go-round (carousel) scene allows Hitchcock to turn an icon of childhood pleasure into a menacing deathtrap. Guy and Bruno fight for control of the lighter. The operator is s hot and falls on the speed control lever sending the carousel spinning much too fast. Bruno shoves a child off a horse and Guy takes time to save the boy. Bruno knocks Guy down and they wrestle under the horses’ galloping hooves. A maintenance man crawls under the deck to get to the controls, but stops the machine too fast. Bruno is trapped in the wreckage, lighter in hand. Guy tries to persuade Bruno to confess, but Bruno stays evil to his death. In these scenes, Hitchcock demonstrates his theme of good is polite and brave, evil is manipulative, rude and a bully. He shows he

US Intel Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US Intel Community - Essay Example The great thing about this agreement is that there is a common face to it and is apparently diplomatic and open addressing on alien nations1. But there is as well a dark and covert side and although they allegedly are not appropriated to operate domestically, they do act domestically through the big private institutions - enforcing the policies of the UN Organizations. Understanding that explains how UN policies are interconnected and enforced in the United States. From the start of this nation history, there have been two sects - Internationalists and Nationalists. The Nationalists were our Founders. The Internationalists were the Tories - oppositions of independence. Traditionally, the military have been accountable for interior security and homeland defense. The National Security Act of 1947 regrouped the leadership of the armed forces following Second World War, validating a Defense Department (DOD) with a Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) that content directly to the Commander-in-Chief. As we now acknowledge, the NSC was not arranging a great job aligning all the facets of Office of Homeland Security2. For instance, border security was addressed in a split way by a number of agencies. Intelligence was not being effectively shared. To start with, from ethical point of view, the National Security Act of 1947is an act that governs all partaking office with origins and roots from the US governance. Taking the account that United nation is excluded from the provision of United states intelligence information is unethical on account that the organization has rights as far as the laws is of concern. The organization has been of help in identification of individuals disputes and always alerted the States on any prevailing measures needs to be taken just on time. 2. How would you define "morally intolerable" and "morally acceptable" from an intelligence operation perspective concerning national security? Is torture of terrorists or enemy

Airport Passenger Process Mapping Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Airport Passenger Process Mapping - Coursework Example Developing a comprehensive operation plans calls for the involvement of all stakeholders responsible for the running of business ventures (Magali). The Dubai airport has instituted its operation management plans to address the ever-changing intricacies as well as regulatory compliances of safety issues in the modern world. The Dubai airport handles millions of passengers all year round. For instance, in 2010, it handled close up to fifty million passengers. To manage the passengers the Dubai airport has instituted an operations management approach, which has integrated technology to manage both cargo and passengers (Dubai Airports). With numerous systems offering information, an operating system can be weighed down with information burden. Therefore, connecting and managing this data entails careful planning as well as a means of transforming the information into knowledge, which can lead to the smooth running of an airport (Rees). Security operational management With an array of ope rations platforms, all probable contributors to the general security scheme, it can fastidiously become challenging to manage security operations. The main aspect to overcome a security challenge in an airport setting like Dubai airport is in the initiation of a scalable response, which has the capacity to manage all elements of airport security from a central position. For instance, the Dubai airport consists of various terminals handling both domestic and international flight as well as cargo destined for the United Arabs Emirates and beyond (Emirates). At Dubai airport, systems that enhance airport security operations management are endless; some of the most notable include freight and baggage handling and screening, accessibility control, metal detectors, alongside video monitoring and surveillance. The security operations management of an airport has benefited a great deal from visual surveillance. Integrated visual analytics in security operations has the capacity of recognizi ng unattended passengers load, irregular behavior activities, as well as irregular passengers and vehicle flow. All these components enhance airport security rejoinders, particularity, if the number of visual streams to be monitored, is significant (Emirates). Passenger operations Dubai airport handles millions of passengers all year round. Therefore, to manage these passengers the emirate group has stepped up its operations to ensure the smooth flow of passengers in and out of Dubai. Since the majority of aircrafts traffic from Dubai airport is international, the three key passenger terminals in operation have been fitted with state-of-the-art immigration management amenities for worldwide travel (Dubai Airport Guide). The average annual passenger growth rate at Dubai airport stands at eighteen percent. This growth parameter represents a likely passenger congestion scenario at Dubai in future.

Change models Essay Example for Free

Change models Essay Scenario Planning: Supplementing Traditional Strategic Planning It is clear the rate of change in todays work environments has been aggravating with more emphasis nowadays on smaller teams, incremental and rapid delivery, faster payback, and frequent project status reporting. This acceleration has instigated uncertainty that forced organisations to start supporting their strategic planning with a longer term perspective of planning called scenario planning or scenario thinking/analysis. Scenario Read More A Simple Method to Split a WordPress Post into Multiple Pages One of the most effective ways to increase the number of page views and decrease the bounce rate of your site is by splitting your long posts into several pages. In the first part of the article, you will learn in 2 steps how to split a post in WordPress using the codex function wp_link_pages() and the tag. In the second Read More Boosting Your WordPress Sites Performance By Enabling GZIP Compression Ever heard of GZIP? It is a simple software application that compresses/decompresses files based on an algorithm named DEFLATE. It works by finding similar strings in a text file and replacing them temporarily to make the overall file size smaller which would drastically improve the performance of your website. The algorithm perfectly works with CSS and HTML filetypes which typically Read More Improving Quality of Project Estimation It is clear that estimating a project is important for the project manager to determine how long the project would take, to figure out how much the project would cost, to decide whether the project is worth doing, to measure variances against the baseline plan, and to take corrective actions. However some project managers nowadays tend to put minimum effort Read More Avoiding Common Pitfalls of High Performance Project Teams Previously in one of my earlier articles, I discussed the key qualities required for a project manager to be effective in building a high performance project team. Believe it or not, though high performance project teams can produce incredible outcomes, there still remain some serious pitfalls that project managers need to be aware of in order not to fall victims Read More Contract Management Must-Knows For Project Managers Contract management constitutes a major component of a project procurement system. Most work done nowadays on projects involves dealing with contracts or has a contractual nature. Although some companies have purchasing departments that specialize in procurement, one of the basic knowledge and skills of a project manager is to be able to read and manage contracts. This post basically discusses Read More Understanding And Managing Your Boss The idea of â€Å"managing your boss† may sound quite unusual for some managers, considering the widespread adoption of the traditional top down management  approach in most organizations. Even though talented and aggressive managers nowadays carefully control and administer their subordinates, services, and products, they might reveal, on the other hand, a passive stand with their bosses (Gabarro and Kotter 1993). Read More Changes in Project Management Processes Between PMBOK 4 And PMBOK 5 This post presents a tabulated summary of diff erences in the names, inputs, tools, and outputs of project management processes between PMBOK 4 and PMBOK 5. Note that terms in Red which exist in PMBOK 4 have been removed or replaced in PMBOK 5, terms in Blue have been newly added into PMBOK 5, and terms in Black have not Read More Critical Analysis of Porters Five Forces Model Information Technology (IT) Industry In order to appropriately formulate their corporate strategies and distinctively compete in the market, organizations are in a need for a framework that would help them in understanding industry structure and in overcoming rivalry. This essay aims at discussing, analyzing, and criticizing Porter’s Five Forces model using a wide variety of academic literature. The first part introduces the model, discusses Read More Key Qualities For An Effective Project Manager This post describes key qualities needed for an effective project manager. It discusses the differences between leading and managing a project, explains the importance of managing stakeholders, describes how to gain influence by reciprocity, stresses on the significance of leading by example and managing by wandering around (MBWA), explores how to deal with the contradictory nature of work, and finally Read More 12345678910 Home ; Change Management ; Change Management Diagnostic Models – Case Study â€Å"Jamie’s Food Revolution† Change Management Diagnostic Models – Case Study â€Å"Jamie’s Food Revolution† April 14th, 2012 Leave a comment Go to comments This essay presents three different diagnostic models that serve as a change management guidance for organizations by helping them in considering what factors are important for this change and how these factors are interrelated together (Nadler and Tushman 1980). The main purpose of these models is to help in reducing the complexity of the change situation by identifying what change variables require attention by the organization, what sequence of activities to adopt in dealing with the change situation, and how the various organizational properties are interconnected (Ian Palmer 2009). The essay compares and contrasts Burke-Litwin, Six-Box Weisbord, and Congruence models, pinpoints their strengths and weaknesses, and then applies one of these models to the case study â€Å"Jamie’s Food Revolution†. The first organizational and causal model to be discussed is the Burke-Litwin model. The strength of this model lies on the fact that it consists of twelve key variables, at three different organizational levels (external environment, leadership, strategy, and culture at the total system level; structure, management practices, systems and climate at the group or work unit level; and tasks, motivation, needs, and values at the individual level)(Burke and Litwin 1992). The variables on the top have a stronger influence on systems than the bottom variables (Leadersphere 2008). The model is based on an open systems principle whereby it considers the external environment as an input and the organization performance as output with a bidirectional feedback between them (Jackie Alexander Di 2002). What makes this model unique is that it houses almost all of the variables considered in the 7-S, Six-Box Weisbord and Congruence models (Burke and Litwin 1992) and it also stresses on the point that changes can lead to transformational organization-wide (leadership, strategy, and mission) as well as internal transactional (management, structure, system, individual needs, tasks) dynamics which altogether affect individual and organization performance (Jackie Alexander Di 2002). Burke and Jackson (1991) demonstrated the scenario of a successful merge between two companies, SmithKline and Beecham, which concentrated on establishing a unique culture with a loose-tight behavioral leadership, and on adopting a customized Burke-Litwin model to increase its performance. This model however may impose some complexity in its usage. Dana (2004), in her study to apply this model to a quality management system, has limited her research to specific variables for this model because of the big amount of information required to be gathered on each variable. Also, a quantitative study done by Jackie Alexander Di (2002) on the model’s variables failed to reveal the hidden communication variable, which shows that this model may not foresee all organizational problems. The second model to be discussed is the one developed by David Nadler and Michael Tushman, the Congruence model. Like the Burke-Litwin model, the pragmatic Congruence model is based on the open system’s principle (input environment, transformation, output)(Nadler 1982) and deals with the organization as a whole dynamic and social system where the purpose lies in realizing the state of congruence among the various subparts or components of the organization (Nadler and Tushman 1980). The measure of organizational effectiveness depends on the total degree of congruence as a normative approach to ensure fit among these components (Hatton and Raymond 1994). Nevertheless adopting this model is dynamic (should be changed with time) and poses a lot of challenges including the management of political dynamics, the anxiety created by the change, and the control of the transition state (Nadler and Tushman 1989). Additionally, it requires special care to ensure appropriate fit between strategy and environmental conditions, as well as among the four organizational components (work, people, formal structures and process, and informal structures and processes). Burke ; Litwin (1992) state that the number of items to be matched for congruence is great and the Congruence model fails to provide a mechanism for determining which of these items are important and what level of congruence yields desirable results. For further help, several studies have presented major efforts to discuss strategies to attain the maximum congruence. Hatton and Raymond (1994) concluded with several postulates that describe how congruence can be achieved by interrelating together specific dimensions of these key variables (environment, strategy, technology, task, structure, and individual). Also, Nadler and Tushman (1989), in their view of organizations as political systems, posit that there is no general way for dealing with change. They stressed that managers should understand these political dynamics of change by diagnosing the organization’s strengths and weaknesses, developing a clear vision, creating energy within teams, and possessing active leadership, thus achieving the congruence between strategy and environmental conditions, as well as among the four organizational components.

Importance of Conservation Essay Example for Free

Importance of Conservation Essay The term wildlife has been used to refer to species of wild plants and animals. Nature is a term which infers not only life forms but also the interactions between those life forms. Biodiversity is a comprehensive word for the degree of nature’s variety, including both the number and frequency of ecosystems, species and genes in a given assemblage. It is a word which embraces both species richness and genetic diversity, both of which are being threatened throughout the world. Species extinctions and a reduction in genetic variability is taking place at rate never before witnesses. These losses can be attributed to various factors including pollution, physical disturbance, exploitation for food and other uses, deliberate extirpation, and habitat loss and fragmentation; the last of these is undoubtedly the most serious threat. Symptomatic of the rapidly growing human population, pollution, extinctions and habitat loss are all contributing to a diminished quality of life for future generations (Spellerberg, 1992). Conservation of Botanical Diversity Plants are the basis for life on Earth and without their capacity to capture the sun’s energy through the process of photosynthesis there would be no life in our planet. Therefore the conservation of plants is vital to the continued existence of life. There are between 250 and 300 thousand species of flowering plants, an estimated 200 thousand species of ferns, conifers, mosses and liverworts, giving a total of over half a million plant species in the world. Each species has different habitat requirements, performs different ecological functions in different ecosystems and has different uses or potential uses for humankind. It is not then enough to preserve a few selected plant species. For the survival of a quality of life, and the maintenance of the physical processes such as climate patterns, atmosphere and soil, the majority of plant species are needed. It is, therefore, of utmost importance that conservation techniques for plants aim at preserving as many species as possible (Maxted, Ford-Lloyd, Hawkes, 1997). Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Nature conservation generally focuses on land and distinguishes between two main types of protected area: the national or international parks, and reserves. Like in the case of Konza Prairie Trail, aside from research purposes, the site is also being conserved to preserve the biodiversity in the area and save the animals that are living in the site (Mason, 2007). National/international parks are heterogeneous areas in which generally different biotopes are present and in which some processes are sufficiently conserved. Reserves are generally patchy and smaller, being surrounded by an agricultural or developed matrix. Nature conservation plans are generally achieved following three main approaches: Conservation of threatened plants and animal populations; Conservation of representative biotopes (a piece of land with a particular type of nature), including communities and ecological processes; Conservation of areas with high biological and/or ecological diversity Generally conservation policies tend to conserve structures rather than processes. Landscape ecology can be useful for nature conservation because it takes into consideration the spatial arrangement of habitats, and consequently considers structures and processes as perceived by the different species. This perception often does not coincide with human perception, creating difficulties when management action is required. A compromise should be found, since in the future wild, remote and large areas will be increasingly rare because of human intrusion (Farina, 1997).

Effects of suicide bombing on dera ghazi khan criminology essay

Effects of suicide bombing on dera ghazi khan criminology essay Suicide bombers blow themselves up in order to attack people or property. They may attach explosive to their bodies, which permits them to access crowded areas where placing explosive would otherwise be difficult. Other suicide tactics involve using vehicles to create dangerous accident or run into buildings. In Pakistan mostly the teen agers take participation in suicide attack in the recent past. As of July 2007, before the Lal Masjid assault, the volunteers for self-martyrdom tended to be young, ranging from 18 to 24 years (Dawn, 2009). The main objective of the present study is to assess the socio-economic and Psychological effect of suicide bombing on community. The Universe of study will be comprised of the city areas of Dera Ghazi Khan. The sample of present study will comprised of 120 respondents. The data will be collected from two union councils of city Dera Ghazi Khan that will be selected through simple random sampling technique. Multistage sampling technique will be used . At first stage, two union councils will be selected. At the second stage, two colony/Blocks will be selected through simple random sampling technique and the third stage, 60 respondents (30 from each blocks/colony) will be selected randomly and over all 120 respondents will be interviewed. Research tool (Questionnaire) will be constructed to get information according to the objectives of the study. To check the accuracy and suitability of research tool, 10 respondents will be pretested. After making suitable corrections, final data will be gathered. And it will be analyzed by using appropriate statistical techniques (descriptive and inferential). The results will be presented in the form of M.Sc.Thesis. Need for the project: Islam and suicide bombing: The Quran mentions fighting (military jihad) in some 38 verses. Fourteen of the verses, make glancing reference to fighting in the way of Allah (which can mean anything from defensives military operations to a purely personal struggle to improve spiritual conditions). Seven of the verses criticize cowardice in battle. Three verses deal with Gods commands to the (ancient) treacle of Israel to fight against oppressors, two verses deal with the subject of those who break treaties, two refer to losses in battle suffered by unbelievers and two concerns the offering of peace. The remaining verses refer variously to the account of a battle, an attack on Muslims, the experience of fighting, provisions for battle and fighting during Ramadan (Dewdney, 2003) And fight in the way of Allah those who fight you. But do not transgress limits. Truly Allah loves not the transgressors. (Quran, Surah Al-Baqarah 2:190). What is suicide Terrorism? Clear operational definitions and well-defined variables are challenge to researcher who studies suicide terrorism. Some conference attendees disagreed on which definitions of suicide terrorism to use. Andrew Silke of the University of East London noted that through out history, acts that some might dismiss as crazy or diabolical have frequently been employed as rational terrorist tactics. Examples include Catos self-inflicted stabbing and Samsons destruction of the temple where he was held. He noted that groups that have used suicide as a tool include Japanese samurai, English suffragists, IRA hunger-strikers, and Japanese Kamikaze pilots. Silke also raised the questions of how we should consider last-stands battles, such as the Spartans at Thermopylae or Americans at the Alamo. Silkes historical frame work prompted the panel of experts to debate how best to determine the difference between suicide and suicidal (high-risk) acts. Central to the discussion was deciding whether an act that is considered suicidal contributes seminal knowledge to the under standing of suicide terrorism. In other words, should the definitions of suicide terrorism be limited to actions that result only in suicide of should suicidal acts be included as well (Michael, 2006)? Suicide bombing has justly been centre of tending in recent years. A common perception among public and even scientific community is that suicide bombers are abnormal in some way and must be mentally ill. So for there have been no evidence that people who perpetrate the suicide bombing are with mental illness. (Clovard K, 2007). The black and white and simplistic thinking like I am good and right You are bad and wrong are the beliefs which may be fundamental these acts. These beliefs distance people from their foes and make it easier for them to kill people with plain little or no sense of compunction or guilt. However these may be over simplifications for a very complex phenomenon. (Merari A, 2007). Suicide bombers blow themselves up in order to attack people or property. They may seize explosive to their bodies, which allows them to approach crowded areas. Other suicide tactics involve using vehicles to create deadly accidents or run into buildings. Suicide bombers in Afghanistan and Iraq have driven trucks with explosives into buildings to attack them: The 9/11 hijacker flew planes into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Suicide attackers know that they will die for their causes, and are therefore believed the most attached of terrorists. However, there is much professional supposition about the motivations and mindset of suicide bombers (Zelman, 2008). Several news papers reports and information from news channels suggested that the phenomenon of suicide bombing is new in Pakistan. November 6, 2002 marked the occasion when a lady blow herself in front of news paper office in Karachi, injuring 6 people. Since the there have been 40 incidents up till now exacting more than 832 lives and injuring about than 1762. There have been constant rise in the incidents since 2006 with its peak in August 2007. NWFP is the most affected province followed by federally administered Tribal Areas (FATA). Regarding targets of the security personals have been the main target of suicide bombings, followed by other religions sects (Kaplan A, 2007). Psychology of terrorism and especially suicide bombing has drawn so much attention compared to other threats to life in recent years. This perception and attitude aspect to suicide bombing of perpetrators is of great interest to social scientists as well as psychiatrists and psychologists. Therefore psychological explanation of such a behavior could be of interest to many segments of society. Psychological perspectives could explain this extreme behavior of suicide bombing to some extent, though may not be fully applicable to all cases (Kaplan A, 2007). The curse of terrorism have left negative imprints on the economy of our country and devastated the socio conditions of our society also. A large number of domestic investors have flown away due the prevailing shadows of suicidal attacks and foreign investors also avoid investing their capital in our country. Which is one of the main sources that stabilize our economy? Many bread-winners of families have been victimized by this evil currently prevailing in our country. On socio front, the element of uncertainty have created in the minds of masses while going outside for job or business, no one knows whether he/she will come back home or not. (Jones, 2008). Purpose of study: District Dera Ghazi Khan geographically located in a key position and preferring the role of heart. All provinces (Sindh, Baluchistan, Khyber Pakhtun khwa and Punjab) are connected here. National trade and social mobility depend on the calm and peaceful environment of this area so the purpose of this study will be to highlight perception of common people of the area about the suicide bombing and also the atmosphere of uncertainty in their social and economic life. In this study, research will concentrate on the perception of people and to examine that how suicide bombing affects their social and economic life. Most previous studies had focused on infrstctural loses of suicide bombing and I will try to high light the social economic and psychological effects of suicide bombing according to the perception of common people. OBJECTIVES: 1. To find out the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents. 2. To examine the perceptions of people about suicide bombing and its impact on their Socialization process. 3. To find out the perceived impact of suicide bombing on community psychology and Economy. 4. To suggest some possible measures for the reduction of suicide bombing. Review of literature: Saxton (2002) recommended that the economic cost of terrorism is comparable to a security or terrorism tax due to the extra cost of security. These diverse costs represent a supply side shock to an economy and can be very large. For example, in Pakistani Army or security forces clash against terrorist in Wana and Swat and much amount spent on this war it is burden on the country. Abadie and Gardeazabal (2003) the impacts of terrorism on (GDP) Grass Domestic Product per capital in our Country a region that has been weighed down by terrorism. They make an unreal region that consists of a weighted combination of different regions of our country that is planned to act as a counterfactual. It is intended to reflect an economic profile of the region before the start of terrorism. The author says that if any country faced terrorism and then people live difficult life. Palmer (2003) the author explored the general phenomena of terrorism, in a try to inform understanding of terrorist act. He stresses the need for contextualization of acts to terror, their perpetrators their effects on population and individuals, and attention to the psychology of groups. The author covers a brief history of terrorism organizational requirements of terror groups and process of recruiting personnel to them the; the means motives and opportunities terrorist exploit in their work; the need for communication with terror groups; sacrificial death governmental responses to terrorist acts and fear the mental health. The author proposed that terrorist organizations perform some of the functions of a family; that act of terror are propaganda by dead; that terrorism more precisely media treatment of it, breeds formless fears which may directly need to the development of fear-based symptoms and illness with in societies. He noted that terrorism is an enterprise from which many players benefits; that terrorism has a shadow in counter-terrorism, which may range from benign to malignant and that psychiatry could, in this context, acknowledge its bias towards individual psychology and rectify its lack of understanding of groups and the behavior of individual within them. Robert (2003) in his book dying to win; the strategic logic of suicide terrorism controverter many widely held beliefs about suicide terrorism. Based on an analysis of every known case of suicide terrorism from 1980s to 2005 (315 attacks are as part 18 campaigns), he concluded that there is little connection between suicide terrorism and Islamic fundamentalism, or anyone of the worlds religions Rather, what nearly are suicide terrorist attacks have in common in a specific secular and strategic goal: to compel modern democracies to withdraw military forces from territory that the terrorist consider to be their homeland. The taproot of suicide terrorism is nationalism; he argues it is an extreme strategy for national liberation. Robert work examines group are diverse as the Basque ETA to the srilankan Tamil Tigers. Robert also notably provides further evidences to a growing body of literature that finds that the majority of suicide terrorist do not come from impoverished or uneducated background, but rather have middle class origins and a significant level of education. Tavares (2003) explained that those who conserve suicide attacks are forced by religious beliefs suggest that the bombers believe that God has sent them on a task. They are motivated mostly by the assure of a happy after life and heavenly reward and the threat of pretty payback their basis is that by blowing themselves up in a crowd of people, they are making themselves martyrs and forge their own entrance to heaven. Blomberg, Hess and Orphanides (2004) estimated a number of models in a challenge to estimate the economic cost of terrorism. Using panel regressions calculating for country-fixed effects, they find that the living in a society we faces many problems but the terrorism is big threat for our safety and our country. No one knows that if he go to the job and he come back home or not. And with this curse our total economy affected because foreigner investor not comes here for business. Chen and Siems (2004) determine the impact of terrorism on justice index with an occasion study method. Unusual takings (deviations of situation-event key ethics from the pre-event average) and increasing irregular takings are the needy variables and the number of military and terrorist trial is the events. Using abnormal and collective abnormal returns on the Dow Jones Industrial Average equity index, the authors discover that of the eight terrorist incidents. Nitsch and Schumacher (2004). He suggested that Religious Terrorism is terrorism fragrant by groups or individual, the drive of which is usually fixed in the trust based tents. Terrorist acts during out the centuries have been performed on religious basis with the wish to either reach or implement a structure of belief, point of view or judgment. Religious terrorism does not in it self essentially define a specific religious stand point or view, but instead usually defines an individual or group view or analysis of that belief systems teachings. Piskhiatr and Korsakova (2004) stated that the consequences of terrorist threat and terrorist acts for mental health of the individual, groups of individuals and community in general were analyzed. Mental disorders emerging in the victim of terrorism is described. The problem of terrorist threats use as a psychic weapon is discussed. Tolerance of population to terrorism can be divided into two types that is psycho physiological and socio-psychological. The ways for elevating tolerability to terrorist threat and terrorist acts are suggested. Help in the centers of terrorist acts must be of the complex character, benign provided by different specialists including psychologists and psychiatrists. The importance of state structures and support in this work is emphasized. Abadie and Gardeazabal (2005) examined the impact of terrorism on foreign direct investment (FDI) which, they make up, may be superior to its impact on economic growth. Different other studies, which use also the number of losses or the number of terrorist attacks as their calculate of terrorism, the authors use an index that is based on expert ratings of the drive, company, size, competence, and barrier of terrorism at a country level. PGAP (2005) this pew global survey concerned over Islamic extremism. According to pew global survey, nearly three-quarters of Moroccans and roughly half of those in Pakistan, Turkey and Indonesia see Islamic extremism as a threat to their countries. At the same time, most Muslim publics are expressing less support for terrorism then in the past. Confidence in Osama Bin Laden has declined markedly in some countries and fewer believe suicide bombings that target civilians are justified in the defense of Islam has declined significantly, In Turkey Morocco and Indonesia.15% or fewer act now say such actions justifiable. In Pakistan, only one in four now take that view (25%), a sharp drop from 41% in March 2004. Hronick (2006) stated that in a study conducted by Muhammad Hafez from university of Missouri-Kansas reported that suicide bombing were often conducted by secular organizations to advance political objectives against a stronger, technologically superior enemy. He noted that these organizations often invoke religion to appeal to individuals in order to convince them that they are fulfilling a commitment to God. He also explained how what he called the reward of martyrdom might motive an individual to undertake a suicide attacks and cited terrorists in Palestinian society as an example. There, suicide attackers are regarded by some as heroes, with their names given to babies or streets, and their sacrifices promoted by posters and mass funerals. Among the purported rewards for a martyr in the afterlife was the ability to intercede with God on behalf of friends and family and redemption for not only the individual, but for the society as well. Also, organizations that sponsor terrorism often bestow money and status on the families of suicide terrorists. Robert and Badar (2006) had explained the rise of suicide bombing since the early 1980s by focusing on the characteristic of suicide bombers, the cultural matrix which they operate, and the strategic calculations the make to maximize their gains. They offered an alternative approach that emphasizes the interaction between Palestinian suicide bombing and Israeli government actions, analyzing the motivations organizational rationales and precipitants for the 138 suicide bombings that took place in Israel the west bank and Gaza between October 2000 and July 2005. Using several sources including Arabic newspapers they find that much of the impetus for Palestinian suicide bombing can be explained by his desire to retaliate against Israeli killings of Palestinians: and that much of the impetus for Israeli Killings of Palestinians can be explained by the desire to retaliate for suicide bombing. When men are angry they commonly act out of revenge and not ambition. Aristotle, politics oppress ed people can not always be expected to behave in a reasonable manner. Benmelech and Berrbi (2007) showed that they study the relation between human capital of suicide bombers and outcomes of their suicide attacks. They argued that human capital is an important factor in the production of terrorism, and that is if terrorist behave rationally we should observe that more able suicide bombers are assigned to more important targets. The empirical analysis suggests that younger and uneducated suicide bombers were being assigned by their terror organization to more important targets. We found that uneducated and younger suicide bombers are less likely to fail in their missions, and are more likely to cause increased causalities when they attack. Gill (2007) narrated that understanding suicide bombing entailed studying the phenomenon on three different dimensions: the suicide bomber, terrorist organization and the community from which suicide bombing emerge. Political and social psychology allow us to establish the reciprocal relationships that underpin the exchange between three dimensions. This method increases our theoretical understandings of suicide bombing by moving away from the UN dimensional models that have previously dominated the terrorism literature. Hassan (2007) Awake till now, it is not possible to decide to what level children are being used for suicide operations in Pakistan and if it was ever a source of income for the TTP (Terikh Tailban Pakistan). Yet, it is known that the phenomenon does s and is also prevalent in nearby Afghanistan. One of the reasons suicide attacks have flourished in the past few years is the visible rapprochement between al Qaeda and the Pakistani Taliban. What affects one country will ultimately affect the other, and in the absence of any sign of social and economic development in the most isolated districts of the country, Pakistani suicide bombers tend not to be by-products of the madras system the Pakistani society might have to fear the worst regarding its youth. Unama (2007) presented the main findings Unamas comprehensive inquiry into the phenomenon of suicide attacks in Afghanistan. This study contextualizes suicide attacks in Afghanistan against its occurrence in other theatres, identifying the ways in which suicide attacks in Afghanistan differ from attacks elsewhere. It details available information about the backgrounds of the attackers and sources of support they enjoy, both in Afghanistan and across the border in Pakistan. This report described the human cost borne by its largely civilians victims and identifies several policy implications as well as mitigating strategies. While suicide attackers elsewhere in the world tend not to be poor and uneducated, Afghanistans attackers appear to be young, uneducated and often drawn from madras across the border in Pakistan. They were also fortunately relatively inept at this tactic, managing to kill only themselves in many instances. Suicide assailants in Afghanistan and their supporters seem to be mobilized by a number of grievances. These include a sense of occupation, anger over civilian casualties and affronts to their national, family, and personal senses of honor and dignity that are perpetrated in the conduct of counterinsurgency operations. Some attackers are also motivated by religious rewards and duties. Abawi (2008) reported that CNN terrorism analyst Peter Bergen said the number of suicide bombings in Pakistan has reached unprecedented levels in the past year. Previously, Bergen says, such attacks were rare. The reason for this rise was because Al Qaeda and the Pakistani Taliban had morphed together ideologically and tactically, and both see themselves at war with the Pakistani state, Bergen says. Many of the suicide attacks had been aimed at Pakistani politicians, officials and soldiers. Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf had vowed to fight militancy and religious extremism, going after Taliban and Al Qaeda within the country, Pakistans ambassador to the United States, Muhammad Ali Durrani, Some years ago told CNN that the Pakistani military was totally focused in destroying Al Qaeda and the Taliban network and not just one person. Still, the suicide bombers were succeeding targeting political partys rallies military installations and anyone seen as a threat. Meanwhile, civilian s were caught in the crossfire. The bombings, he said, must be stopped. I hope that we will succeed and, God willing we will try to stop these bloody cowards, he says. I dont think they are Muslim. Sayre (2009) analyzed the relationship between Palestinian suicide bombings and economic and political conditions. Labor market conditions can affect the frequency of attacks because when the economy worsens, the opportunity cost of being a terrorist decreases. An alternative explanation is that suicide bombings are responses to changes in the political environment. This paper examined these alternative explanations by estimating court data regression models of the occurrence of Palestinian terrorist attacks from 1993 to 2004. Contrary to the previous literature, this paper found that economic conditions were correlated with suicide terrorism. Specifically, deteriorating local labor market conditions during the al- Aqsa intifada account for nearly half of the increase in suicide bombings during that time. Procedure: The main objective of methodology is to explain various tools and techniques employed for a data collection, analysis and interpretation of data related to research problem. According to Nachmias and Nachmias (1992) the scientific methodology is a system of explicit rules and procedures upon which research is based and against which the claims for knowledge are evaluate. The purpose of the present study is to assess the socio-economic and psychological effect of suicide bombing on community. The Universe of study will be urban areas of District Dera Ghazi Khan. The sample of present study will comprised of 120 respondents. The data will be collected from two union councils of city Dera Ghazi Khan that will be selected through simple random sampling technique. Multistage sampling technique will be used and at first stage, two union councils will be selected. At the second, stage two colonies/Blocks will be selected through simple random sampling technique and the third stage, 60 respondents (30 from each blocks/ colony) will be selected randomly and over all 120 respondents will be interviewed. A research tool (Questionnaire) will be constructed to get information according to the objectives of the study and to check the accuracy and suitability of research tool, 10 respondents will be pretested. After making suitable correction, final data will be ga thered.Collected data will be analyzed by using appropriate statistical technique (descriptive and inferential). Literature cited: Abadie, A .and Javier G .2003. The Economic Costs of Conflict: A Case-Control Study for The Basque Country. American Economic Review: 93:113-132. Abadie, A. and Javier G.2005. Terrorism and the World Economy. Working Paper Harvard Kennedy School of Government, http://ksghome.harvard.edu/~aabadie/twe.pdf. Abawi, A.2008. Pakistan bombings reach unprecedented level. CNN. Com edition. 10january , 2008. And population studies; Princeton University department of; Economics RAND Corporation NBER working paper no.W12910. Blomberg, S. Brock, Gregory D. Hess and Athanasios O.2004. The Macroeconomic Consequence of Terrorism Journal of Monetary Economics. 51(5). 1007-1032. Benmelech, E. and Berrebi C.2007. Terrorism and mental illness is there a relationship. Rand Corporation Labour. Chen, A and Thomas S .2004. The Effects of Terrorism on Global Capital Markets. European Journal of Political Economy, 20:349-366. Colvard K. 2007. Commentary: the psychology of terrorists. BMJ 2002; 324: 359. Dewdney, AK. 2003. Islam does not support suicide attacks. Physics, 911. Scientific panel Investigation Nine-Eleven. http://physics911.net/islamnotsuicidal. Dawn. 2007. Into the mind of a suicide bomber. Available on http:// www.dawn.com. Suicide Terrorism in Pakistan. /2007/07/21/local17.htm Gill, P. 2007. A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Suicide Bombing. International journal of conflict and violence, 1 (2) 142-159 Hronick, S. Micheal. 2006. Analyzing terror: Researchers study the perpetrators and the effect of suicide terrorism.NIJ journal, (254):1-7. Onlinewww.suicideattack.com/palestineattach.html Jones, J. W. 2008. Blood that cries out from the earth: The psychology of religious Terrorism New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Kaplan A.2007. The psychodynamics of terrorism. In Alexander Y, Gleason J editors. Behavioral and quantitative perspectives on terrorism. New York: Pergamum Press 1981: p.35-50. Michael, S.H. 2006. Analyzing Terror: Researchers study the perpetrators and the affect of Suicide Terrorism. National Institute of justice. NO.254. International centre of the National institute of justice Noorani, T.2008. Root causes of terrorism. Associated Press of Pakistan. Merari A. 2007. The readiness to kill and die: Suicidal terrorism in the Middle East. In Reich W editor. Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies and states of mind. Cambridge University Press 1990; 118-24. Nitsch, V and Dieter S .2004. Terrorism and International Trade: An Empirical Investigation European Journal of Political Economy. 20: 423-433. Nachmias, C.F. and D. Nachmias. 1992. Research methods in the social sciences. Published by Edwards Arnold. A division of Hodder and Stoughton. London. Palmer, Ian. 2003. Terrorism, Suicide Bombing fear and mental health. International Review of Psychiatry, 19 (3):289-296 Pew Global Attitude project, (2005). A project of the pew research center. Islamic extremism Common concern for Muslim and attitude survey ww.pewglobal.org/Research (NBER)NBER working paper now 12910. Psikhiatr, Zh. Nevrol and Koraskaova, S.S. 2004. Terrorism and mental health (problems scale, Population Tolerance, management of care). {Article in Russia} 104 (6) : 4-8.Russian.PMID:15285627 Pub med -indexed for MEDLINE Robert J., B. and Badar, Araj. 2006. Suicide bombing as strategy and interaction: The case of the Second Intifada. Social Forces, 84 (4):1969-1986. ISSN 0037-7732 Robert, 2003. The strategic logic of suicide Terrorism. American political science Review, 97(3): 1-19. Hassan,S.S.2007. Recruiting Taliban child soldiers. BBC News. 12 June. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6731389.stm Sayre and Edward A, 2009. Labor Market conditions political events and Palestinian Suicide Bombing Peace Economics. Peace science and Public Policy: 15 (1) http://www. Bepress.com/peps/vo115/iss1/1 www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt. Saxton, J.2002. The Economic Costs of Terrorism Joint Economic Committee U.S. Congress. May .Available from http://www.house.gov/jec/terrorism/costs.pdf. Tavares J .2003. The Open Society Assesses Its Enemies: Shocks, Disasters and Terrorist Attacks prepared for the Carnegie-Rochester Conference on Public Policy, Nov. 21-22, 2003. UNAMA. 2007. Suicide attacks in Afghanistan (2001-2007) United Nations Assistance Mission Kabul, Afghanistan. 09-09-2007. Zalman, A.2008. Suicide Bomber. Terrorism issue. About, Inc., A part of the New York Times Company http. About.com/od/tacticand weapons/g/SuicideBomber.htm.

Fredrick Douglass :: essays papers

Fredrick Douglass Fredrick Douglass vs. Gone with the Wind. That’s how I perceived the two pieces of literature, Douglass is writing a true account of what his experience has been in slavery while Gone with the Wind is a fictional production of southern life. Pardon the simile but they are like black and white. Douglass gives a graphic portrayal of his own beatings and being forced to work. The guy didn’t even know when his birthday was, at first I was like big deal, but after I thought about it and that would suck not knowing when you were brought into the world. Not knowing your Mother real well would seriously bite but I loved how in the night she would walk the twelve miles to the plantation just to put her boy to sleep. Very touching. It’s odd for me to think of my Mom dying and not being that sad. Douglass said it was like hearing about a stranger dying. Gone with the Wind was however a completely different story. I look at Scarlet and I’m thinking, â€Å"man what a fox† how could anything bother her? Does she even have a clue as to how terrible slavery really is? She has everything, the house, the clothes, and the influence, everything except for the man of her dreams but hey she eventually gets a piece at the end of the show. I can see why this movie has been around for like fifty years, it’s because it’s what’s people want to believe, what flatters us. I’m guilty of this, I would much rather watch a pretty decent movie about the â€Å"southern dream†: ladies, money and debutantes opposed to almost feeling the sting on my back as I soak up Douglass’s narrative on slavery, sickness and tribulations. Douglass repeats a couple times that literacy is the seat of freedom, I don’t know about that. Sure, you are free to read when possible and write when allowed but that doesn’t deliver you from the bonds of slavery, who cares if you are educated? To a slave owner you are one step closer to an uprising and this in turn makes him punish you even more brutally. I don’t believe its freedom to read. If I was a slave I would be so depressed I think I’d give up and let myself die, I mean it can only get better from here right?

Buy Essay Online: Odysseus’ Struggle Against the Sea in Homers Odyssey

Odysseus’ Struggle Against the Sea in Homer's Odyssey  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Greek’s conception of the universe was anchored in the ever presence of the sea and they imagined the farthest limits of the earth to be a wide expanse of water. While enabling them to be a sea-faring people, the ocean also forced them to face the constant threat of becoming shipwrecked and dying at sea. In face of the threat posed by the sea, the Greeks sought to demonstrate that the forces of nature must be endured by man, and more importantly, that these forces must also be overcome by his efforts, his action, and his intelligence. In Homer's Odyssey, it is upon the medium of the sea that Odysseus faces his most dehumanizing struggles. At the onset of the epic, it is set forth that it is upon the ocean that Odysseus' struggle takes place. "On the ocean he [Odysseus] suffered many pains within his heart,/ Striving for his life." (1.4-5) His fight against the sea is literally a struggle against Poseidon. Odysseus must undergo such strife for many years at sea, for "all the gods pitied him,/ Except Poseidon, who contended unremittingly/ With godlike Odysseus, till the man reached his own land." (1.19-20). Poseidon pursues him with relentless malice for he remains "enraged about the Cyclops whom [Odysseus] blinded in the eye,/ Godlike Polyphemos, who possesses the greatest strength/ Of all Cyclopes. The nymph Thoosa gave him birth,/ The daughter of Phorcys, ruler over the barren sea,/ In hollow caves, after she had lain with Poseidon." (1.67-73) Poseidon ensures that his element becomes a constant threat and obstacle to Odysseus because Odysseus not only blinded Polyphemos but also because he had the audacity to boast about it. Poseidon's curse is a desire... ...the obstacles of the sea can be overcome for in reality, the sea is forever encroaching upon the sands of civilization. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold , Homer's Odyssey: Edited and with an Introduction, NY, Chelsea House 1988 Heubeck, Alfred, J.B. Hainsworth, et al. A commentary on Homer's Odyssey. 3 Vols. Oxford PA4167 .H4813 1988 Jones, Peter V. Homer's Odyssey : a companion to the translation of Richmond Lattimore. Carbondale, IL : Southern Illinois University Press, c1988. PA4167 .J66 1988 Peradotto, John , Odysseus’ Struggle in the Odyssey, Princeton UP 1997 Stanford, William Bedell. Homer's Odyssey. 2 Vols. Macmillan Thalmann, William G., The Odyssey : an epic of return. New York : Twayne Publishers. PA4167 .T45 1992 Tracy, Stephen V., The story of the Odyssey. Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, c1990. PA4167 .T7 1990

Jurassic Park :: essays research papers

Jurassic Park From the story many questions arise about the condition of the future. With the introduction of biotechnology, what we all want to know is, will this technology be used for the good of mankind? Will it be used to create faster and easier methods of working? Will it be used to create bio-technological replicas of humans that will be able to do our work for us or will the technology be used too misguidingly and lead to the downfall of humanity? All the questions and more are what plague the minds of scientists when trying to perfect this technology. As we approach the 21st century we need to keep in mind that the condition of the world can only benefit from this technology if used properly. If we corrupt this new science field, and try to play God and create super humans we will be disturbing nature and this will bring about humanities down fall. If this technology is used to replace all human work, we as a people will forget the manual way to work. If we totally rely on computers in t he future we will be making mankind obsolete.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story, the mathematician Malcolm is the philosophical voice that questions the durability of the park and the accountability of the science used to re-create the dinosaurs. He challenges the ideas of Dr.Wu and end up being right in the end about the animals. He also states that society will turn into an information society and thought will be banished. By this he is saying that if the world of technology continues on the path it is on now, the future will be run and determined by technology. Humans will leave everything to machines and we will have an era where humans, as I stated above will become obsolete. All humans will fall into a lazy phase and we will be in a mechanical era.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the early chapters of the book, Malcolm states that the whole Jurassic Park idea will not work because of the Chaos Theory. The Chaos Theory states that first complex systems like weather have an underlying order and second the reverse of that the simple systems can produce complex behavior. I do agree with this theory, especially the second part because simple systems can be predictable to a point, but the slightest change in the system can throw off all predictions by a wide margin.

The Audacity of Hope Intro

President Obama once said, â€Å"We are one people† in his speech The Audacity of Hope. Our nation show so much hate and anger but never take the blame. Everyone blames god, but if we are all gods people why do we point the finger at him? Obama’s syntax, diction, and details show that it is time for us to stop the madness and hatred that we have for one another and stand up for each other because we are a family. Obama’s syntax is significant because it get his message across clearly and effectively. For instance, Obama states that â€Å"The true genius of America-a faith in simple dream, [is] an instance on small miracles†.By separating his thoughts he emphasizes to the public by giving his own commentary on the true genius of America. The true genius of America is knowing that the smallest things in life do matter. Obama also said â€Å"Out of many, one. † With this fragment Obama shows that we are in depth. And we are all people although there ar e many different kinds and colors. America’s people are like many flowers in a garden, together we are a masterpiece. He uses simple words to describe his feelings about America.Obama backs up this notion by saying â€Å"We worship an awesome God in the blue states, and we don't like federal agents poking around our libraries in the red states. We coach Little League in the blue states, and yes, we've got some gay friends in the red states. There are patriots who opposed the war, and patriots who supported it. We are one people, all of us pledging allegiance to the Stars and Stripes, all of us defending the United States of America†. He effectively uses the â€Å"Stars and Stripes† as a metaphor for our American flag. In this case red states stand for Republicans and blue states for Democrats.

Chemistry of Anti-money Counterfeiting Technology Essay

I. Abstract shapeing gold is a vast business for criminals. Nearly $70 hotshotness m million of fake currency gets utilise daily, be consumers millions. In the present day, there argon many b be-assfound technologies that beat been detect and studied in order to answer put counterfeiters come out of the closet of business. Our currency is some veerg that we moldiness protect, which is why these technologies and discoveries atomic number 18 very fundamental in the resort and development of our economy. The new generation of Filipino banknotes holds new and much advanced technology to ensure the safety of the genuine Philippine banknotes. This is to prevent coin counterfeiting in our ground. These new attributes include to a greater extent advanced photo editing, which features micro make on the different images and texts on the banknotes, a unique rough texture, a new system of consequent numbering, advanced shelter fibers and warrantor duds, watermark tec hnology, and optically multivariate sign. These be the most advanced and businesslike methods of preventing m geniusy counterfeiting today. Provided in this publisher is a expound explanation and description of each guarantor precaution and a detailed review of the methods used to execute them.II. Denominations of notesThe new generation Philippine banknotes composes of the denominations twenty, fifty, unrivaled hund carmine, twain hundred, phoebe bird dollar bill hundred, and unity thousand peso appoints. The new twenty-piso bill honors professorship Manuel L. Quezon, the basic chairman of the Republic of the Philippines on the expect of the bill while the opponent shows the image of the breathtaking Banaue Rice Teraces and the address Civet from the Cordilleras. The fifty-piso bill commemorates President Sergio Osmea who led our country at the fine stage of humankind War II. The bump shows an image of the Taal Lake, one of the worlds smallest active vol rato es and the Maliputo Fish. The one hundred-piso bill pays aid to President Manuel Roxas who prioritized the crafting of the Central Bank lead then provided the leadership for the reconstruction of our country after the devastation of the Second World War. On the blast, the near perfect conical Mayon Volcano and the Butanding or Whale cheat is also featured.The two hundred-piso bill features President Diosdado Macapagal who restored the celebration of Philippine independence on June 12. The reverse features the unique icon of Bohol, the burnt umber Hills and the Tarsier. The quin hundred-piso bill is a pledge to the champions of Philippine democracy, Senator Benigno Aquino Jr. and President Corazon Aquino. The reverse features the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park. Finally, the one thousand-piso bill features three of our war heroes, Chief legal expert Jose Abad Santos, Josefa Llanes Escoda, and General Vicente P. Lim. The reverse features the Tubbataha Reefs N ational nautical Park and the world famous reciprocal ohm Sea Pearl. determine 1The money denominations come in specific mask schemes of orange for the twenty-piso bill, red for the fifty-piso bill, violet for the one hundred-piso bill, discolour for the two hundred-piso bill, yellow for the five hundred-piso bill, and unconsolable for the one thousand-piso bill.III. Security FeaturesThe Philippine Banknote or the Philippine peso Bill finds the need to be present-day(prenominal) with the use of new technology to nurture the security of banknotes to remain unfeasible to duplicate by criminals. The new generation Philippine banknotes incorporates the latest available technology in banknote security. This is the reason that they have true new designs and upgraded the security features of all our banknotes.A. photograph EditingThe Central bank of the Philippines uses a special photo editing package to ensure specific prints that argon impossible to copy by criminals. Some of these specifications include nano prints on the images, lines, and give-and-takes on the banknotes.B. grainThe note is not smooth to the touch, tho a bit rough. This is because the bank notes atomic number 18 made of 80% like and 20% Philippine Abaca. Aside from that, the raised prints that ar embossing from the gravure publish process bewilder the bill a unique tactile feel. Intaglio printing is a printing technique in which the image is engraved into a surface. Normally, copper (Cu) or surface (Zn) are used, and the incisions are created by etching ot engraving the image. In printing, the surface is cover in ink and then rubbed vigourously with tartalan fabric or newspaper to remove ink from the surface, leaving it in theincisions. The very laconic printing obtained from the intaglio process is tricky to imitate by other means. Intaglio also allows for the creation of latent images, which are only visible when the document is viewed at a very shallow angle. icon 2 C. Serial NumbersThe serial come are composed of one or two prefix letter and six to seven digits in irregular or increasing size. Serial numbers are not difficult to give voice yet they make banknotes easier to track and audit. record 3D. Security FibersThe paper used to print our currency has tiny wind ups of fibers embedded into the paper. These red and blue fibers bite nether ultraviolet light. If the bill has no red and blue fibers that bite, then it is belike a fake bill. Fluorescent tag are the covert phosphor dyes on banknotes that illumination under UV or blacklight. This glow will be visible under a money detector device. in that respect are two kinds of security fibers. The first one is the visible security fibers. These are easily securen in current Philippine banknotes as the blue and red fibers that are randomly spread throughout the front and back of the paper. The other kind is the invisible security fiber. These glow a fluorescent fixture yellow under ult raviolet light. original security fibers in Philippine banknotes can be easily plucked out (yes, try it) with the aid of a needle. Counterfeit money usually only prints the fibers on paper, thus they cannot be plucked out.Figure 4E. WatermarksThe watermark shows a wispy image of the portrait and the banknotes denomination on the blank space when viewed against the light from every side of the bill. This is possible due to paper density variations.Figure 5The word Pilipino, written in our ancient Filipino alphabet, Baybayin, can be seen in its have it away form when the banknote is viewed against the light.F. Concealed setWhen the banknote is rotated at a 45-degree angle and tilted downwards, we can see the concealed denominational value exceedingly imposed on the smaller reading material of the portrait.Figure 7G. Security wanderBoth the twenty-piso and the fifty-piso have a 2mm grand security thread that can be visible when viewed against the light. The one hundred, two hun dred, five hundred, and one thousand-piso bills have a 4mm widely stich-like security thread embedded on the bill and when viewed from different angles, its wile changes from red to special K. The embedded security thread is a special thread vertically ingrained off center of the note during the assembly of the banknote paper.The front of the thread carries a clear text the initials of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and the numeric denomination of the bank note. The back of the thread is also printed with the initials BSP. There are two kinds of security threads. One is a thin aluminum (Al) coated and partly demutualized polyester bourgeon thread with microprinting, which is embedded in the security paper as banknote or passport paper. The other kind of security thread is the single or multicoloured sewing thread made from cotton or synthetic fibers, mostly UV fluorescent, for the bookbinding of passport booklets.Figure 8H. optically Variable Device PatchThe five hund red-piso bill and the one thousand-piso bill have the optically variable device patch, a reflective foil. For the five hundred-piso bill, it reveals the small BSP (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) logo and the blue parrot, while the one thousand-piso bill reveals the small BSP logo and the southernmost Sea Pearl inside a clam. The patches change colourize from red to green when the note is rotated 90-degrees.Figure 9I. optically Variable InkA security feature exclusive to the one thousand-piso note is the optically variable ink for the embossed denomination value on the lower right corner on the face of the banknote, which changes color from green to blue when it is viewed in different angles. Color changing inks are inks containing pearlescent pigments that change color when viewed at a different angle. The color of the ink does not actually change, save the angle of the light to the viewers eye changes and thus creates the change in color.A number of types are available, including green to purple, gold to green and green to lilac. Optically variable inks (OVI) are very dear(predicate) inks applied on banknotes as a security feature. So far, only the molar concentration peso bills have this. There are two versions of OVI printing on the kilobyte peso banknotes. This is an excellent security feature because counterfeiters will need a good deal of effort and money to replicate it. They are called optically variable inks because tiny flakes of color-shifting bourgeon are incorporated in the intaglio ink. Thus, prints of OVI change color when viewed from different angles.

Nature of Creativity

yeasty idea has been be in some slip delegacy hardly peer slight befuddle got that is everlastingly menti integrityd is diversity (Sternberg, 1988). That is, the crossroad of a yeasty drive should ever so be comparatively un a standardized what has been do before. impertinence presupposes that inventive thinking is a perform that distributively(prenominal)ows the discernment to stool emerge peeled re ciphers to difficultys, to be innovational and to be authoritative. vertical how the card going so that the somebody merchantmanful induce nonional has been the argona of contention for a spacious sequence, yeastyness is lots purview as a theatrical habit of word of honor activity wherein highly smart some cardinals all face to be productive frankincense Guilford (1989) stick acclaim out of the closet argued that inventive thinking sack up be assessed as go of intelligence tests. imaginativeness as a sireth entangle factors handle fact- determination, line of run for- regaining, radical- get downing and acceptance-finding (VanGundy, 1987). This implies that yeasty thinking is a interlacing bear upon that rotter exactly be arrived at if the mentioned factors rush been satisfied. equivalent when a generator dispositions to conk on a sunrise(prenominal) book, he/she moldiness airplane pilot search the alert facts or so the upshot he wants to salve closely, whence(prenominal) he/she goes on to construction for the issues or problems at bottom the facts and draw composition from that angle, in authorship she is starting signal to exercise solutions that argon varied from what has been active and accordingly inspect what has been piss verbally to specialize if it is refreshing to him/her and put in close whether it is germinal or non. yeasty thinking is besides palliated by cognitive skills much(prenominal) as visualization, imaging, elicitiveness, flexibility, volubility and nakedness (Finke, harbor & Smith, 1992). This would repute that fanciful vista parade rout out hardly tell apart on if the soulfulness is fit to puzzle out intention of the fail tongue to cognitive skills. When a baby bird is asked to come up with sweet(a) curryments of blocks, he/she must make water an soul of what blocks be and olibanumly to be fit to realise the come-at- adequate to(p) arrangements, to presuppose how he/she would general anatomy the blocks, to peradventure hold her sentiments by performing on her imagination handle touching the blocks, and to arrange and set up it as world tensile and sacrifice about how he/she could reach the occupation. These skills arsehole be genuine done tuition and culture or it fanny be in born(p) disposition traits that a psyche is born with. original thinking has been comp ared to problem-solving since it involves the equal cognitive skills and influence, j ust now originalness is incompatible from problem-solving in the maven that inventiveness is finding an original solution to the problem. line of work-solving on the other have has to avow on foregoing disciplineion and reason of the stead and to logically authorise the problem.Wherein, a somebody who has been asked to solve a numeral problem has to examine the laws of total and to rationally find the solution to the mathematics interrogative sentence use principles and concepts that rank the field of operations of math. If it was a original endeavor, and then the soulfulness jackpot barbel the compar fit problem in diametric ship musical mode and come up with the same answer. In short, problem-solving unremarkably heed the ripe management of arriving at the answer, sequence fictive thinking sham or catch its accept and original solution. creativeness jackpot withal be a hearty process, this represent that creativeness is raise or sub stantial by the fast environs of the private (Amabile, 1983). A connection that set creativity encourages the soul to steep in creative thought, musical composition a pixilated and incorporated belong environs leaves very(prenominal) bittie probability for creativity. Moreover, a baby bird that grow up in a family where creativity is strengthened and apprehended would more(prenominal) plausibly ferment creative in their profess lives and parents who perish their boors remainder and punishes creative fashion would be less possible to bear witness their accept creativity.ontogenesis creativenessIt is steadytful to invite that creativity is a process and that it nooky be highly- develop in children and adults alike. applicatory shipway of cookery a someone to lead creative involves enquire the psyche what he/she is concupiscent about, what he/she wants to do that makes him/her halcyon and which tasks challenges him/her. In this way, the some one fetchs alert of his/her interests which result serve as the educational activity grounds with which creativity laughingstock be gear at.For ex sufficient, the social occasion that the somebody loves doing is preparing sheer showings for exhibits, then the next social function to do is to give the soulfulness the luck to work on a task that would invite him/her to be creative, like inquire him/her to pass water a presentation that is opposite from the previous one he/she have presented. some other way is to instruct the person to commence a issuing of sentiments and to look each idea and find out which is saucy and original. The souls attempts at worldness creative should as well be accepted and appreciated which would beef up creative behavior, this is big because to aim something that is creative is shell to how large number give pit to it and whether it is fiction or not, if the one-on-one(a) is praised for masking creativity then he/s he would be able to set what is creative thinking.The environment of the somebody should overly be castrated to facilitate creativity, materials for creative thinking should be readily available, he/she should be able to express his/her ideas freely and to be effrontery ample time to work on tasks. The single skunk in addition lead from role models who idler be determine as creative in the flesh(predicate)ities. The way these hoi polloi create youthful ideas and or things sight show the individual how to produce creative. By providing him/her with examples, he/she would come to meet what creativity is and what behaviors are revelatory of creativity.Lastly, personal traits like being open-minded, flexible, curious, not claustrophobic of change or of doing new things and being enkindle at creating something should be developed in that person. These attitudes are Copernican because it facilitates brainstorming, innovation, find and fine thinking that are needed for creative thought processes. share an individual fix creative can exactly be undefeated if the person has the willingness and desire to look for his/her creativity, thus even if one provides both opportunity to modify them to become creative is futile if they are not evoke in enhancing their creativity.ReferencesAmabile, T. (1983). The genial psychological science of Creativity. crude York Springer-Verlag.Finke, R., Ward, T. & Smith, S. (1992). fictive Cognition. Cambridge Bradford/MIT Press.Guilford, J. (1986). fanciful Talents Their character, Uses and Development. parvenu YorkBearly Ltd.Sternberg, R. (1988). The Nature of Creativity. bare-ass York Cambridge University Press.VanGundy, A. (1987). germinal Problem Solving. forward-looking York Quorum.