The French Revolution and Modern French Socialism Essay Example for Free

The French variety and moderne French Socialism EssayThe French RevolutionIntroductionHow does the answer of the rights of man and the citizen defy the political and social convection of absolutism and reflect enlightenment cerebration as the basis for a new French society The passing of the declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen in 1789 was the most profound thing that had a signifi toleratet effect on the oppressed class. Before the declaration of The Righs of Man and Citizen, France was divided into a rigid oppressive social class, the clergy, the nobility and the peasants. The unequal class created the purlieu for the oppressed passels to fight for their sovereignty, fraternity and equality. The outbreak of the French revolution in 1789 also made throng from the St. Domingue to fight for their dispense withdom, which broughtabout conflict between the various classes. The French revolution decreed equal rights to whole citizens. anterior to the declaration of the rights of man and citizens, conflict arose between the multitude of color of St. Dominge and the whites (Goodwin, 219). The incorporation of the writings of enlightenment thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Montesquieu were the guiding principles of the rights of man and citizen. According to Rousseau, the social contract between the ruled and the rules required rulers to obey the general will of the people, thus, if the rulers failed to do so, the people had the right to overthrow them. These ideas declared that the sovereignty of the people is dictated in them and nobody could exercise ability over them, unless allowed by them. Such enlightenment made the people to do the political authority over their nation. Moreover, the declaration proclaimed gave the people power to remain free and acquire equal rights and protect the rights of the Frenchmen. Prior to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, a new French social contract was created whereby the organization of 1791 was invalidated by progressive tension between the tabby and the deputies. The new French social contract changed the political and social contract systems to that of the sovereignty where peoples opinion had to be considered. The new French social contract that was created made the people who were divided about power to nurse conflict among themselves and the many elements of the people who felt themselves excluded such as women and the poor and whose status were non improved. As a matter of fact, Louis XVI was condemned to finish and executed and the convections drew up a new constitution that reflected the enlightenment of thinkers such as Rousseaus concept of a social contract grounded on the general will (Goodwin, 231). Moreover, the 1793 constitution reflected much on the enlightenment of Rousseau social contract held by the Jacobins. The imposition of this constitution in France generated a power struggle that resulted in the expulsion of more moderate divisions from the state and the concentration of power in Jacobian hands. The requirement of prosecuting the war against Europe joined Jacobian control, but competing interests and power conflicts remained. The deportment of the war, personal ambitions, and sparing tensions all experimented the leadership of Jacobian so as to maintain the control and impose the version of the general will. It was all a counter check and violence against opponents so as to ensure the rights of man and citizen is maintained (S, 380).When cultivation the glumicial indictment (formal charges) of Louis XVI, do you believe the national Convection is justified in condemning the king for probable treasonous actions? Or do these charges appear groundless? Drawing from name 2 of the 1791 constitution, the person of the king is inviolable and sacred his only title is king of the French (Paine,107), there was no need for the National Concetion to condemn the king for reasonable treasonous act ions. Indeed, its only a vigorous challenge of empurpled inviolability that followed the world-beaters flight to Varannes. It was the work of the convections for the king to be tried by the legislature. The charges appear to have a constitutional base because the king should maintain and follow the constitution of the land. It is for this reason that the Convection places a essay against the king. However, though the charges are based on the constitution the Convection has divergence arguments about the Kings mental testing and have no prove that the King has committed all the crime that has been imputed to him. Moreover, the inviolability issue that was imputed on the King was by no means be confined to discussion at the tribune of the Convection. For example, Jacques Necker acknowledges that the Convection has no power to experiment the King for inviolability. He argues that The king can non be tried as a particular and that he had not violated any constitutional laws. Moreov er, He buttressed royal inviolability with historical references (Paine, 110), noting that the kings could not in all way be tried by their aristocracies neither by partial men, and declared the constitutional precept both necessary and just. Likewise, an an anonymous pamphleteer providedandeceptive rarity for the King trial. Moreover, the only claim that is seen is the issue about inviolability whereby the shroud from the Legislative body was just a question about whether Louisxvi was judgeable for the crimes he was imputed to have committed. As a result, the king was suspended by the Assembly whereby the Convection was given the mandate to elect the sovereign will. This affected the self-renunciation of noble inviolability, which seem as if it never existed. Likewise, the decision to focus consideration only on the article one of the committee report is a clear indication that Louis could not have been convicted because the convectionels were the one force for his convictio n through attacking the stupid dogma of inviolability. Therefore, though there was no need for a trial against Louis XVI because he was already accused and condemn by the people, I do not agree that his condemnation was justified. It was more of a political condemnation (Paine,119).Upon reading, The Execution of Louis XVI as seen by Henry Edgeworth de Firmont, does the king appear brook, frightened or insolent on the way to his effect? From the execution scene, the king appears brave on the way to his execution. The king seems to understand his mistakes. It might be the condemnation of the people that has forced the king to have extra courage because he is no longer needed in the society. It is the people who have convicted him to death and nothing he can do to go against their will. As we can see as soon as the king descended from the carriage, three executioners surround the king and wished him to take off his coat and though he repulse them, he does it with dignity and took i t off himself. These are signs of a brave person. The king also shows his bravery whereby when the executioners try to tie him, he abruptly withdraws his hands without fear, and the situation seems to go the executioners. He also responded in an indignant tone. Nevertheless, the king is also frightened of what he will undergo. He knows very well he must be executed. As we can see, his eyes are fill up with a sorrowing look that turn to the executioners maybe to seek them to save him. His courage had started to weaken by the pain he seemed to take. According to the king, he is dying of innocent of all the crimes he has been imputed upon him. It might be true considering that he knows very sure the decision of the people is final and he has to face the death sentence. He therefore says in a frightened tone, I pardon the authors of my death, and pray God that the billet you are about to shed will never fall upon France.ReferencesGoodwin, A..The French Revolution,. London Hutchinso ns University Library, 1953. Print.Paine, Thomas. Rights of man world an answer to Mr. Burkes attack on the French Revolution.Waiheke Island Floating Press, 2010. Print.S., A. W.. Book ReviewThe French Revolution and Modern French Socialism. A Comparative Study of the Principles of the French Revolution and the Doctrines of Modern French Socialism. Jessica Peixotto. American ledger of Sociology 7.5 (1902) 706. Print.Source document